using var cts = new CancellationTokenSource(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(20));
var invoker = DaprClient.CreateInvocationInvoker(appId: myAppId, daprEndpoint: serviceEndpoint);
var client = new MyService.MyServiceClient(invoker);

var options = new CallOptions(cancellationToken: cts.Token, deadline: DateTime.UtcNow.AddSeconds(1));
await client.MyMethodAsync(new Empty(), options);

Assert.Equal(StatusCode.DeadlineExceeded, ex.StatusCode);

var state = new Widget() { Size = "small", Color = "yellow", };
await client.SaveStateAsync(storeName, stateKeyName, state, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine("Saved State!");

state = await client.GetStateAsync<Widget>(storeName, stateKeyName, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine($"Got State: {state.Size} {state.Color}");

await client.DeleteStateAsync(storeName, stateKeyName, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine("Deleted State!");

var query = "{" +
                "\"filter\": {" +
                    "\"EQ\": { \"value.Id\": \"1\" }" +
                "}," +
                "\"sort\": [" +
                    "{" +
                        "\"key\": \"value.Balance\"," +
                        "\"order\": \"DESC\"" +
                    "}" +
                "]" +
            "}";
var queryResponse = await client.QueryStateAsync<Account>("querystore", query, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);

Console.WriteLine($"Got {queryResponse.Results.Count}");
foreach (var account in queryResponse.Results)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"Account: {account.Data.Id} has {account.Data.Balance}");
}

var eventData = new { Id = "17", Amount = 10m, };
await client.PublishEventAsync(pubsubName, "deposit", eventData, cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine("Published deposit event!");

using var client = new DaprClientBuilder().Build();

var request = new BindingRequest("send-email", "create")
{
    // 注意：这是 Twilio SendGrid 绑定的示例负载 
    Data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("<h1>Testing Dapr Bindings</h1>This is a test.<br>Bye!"),
    Metadata =
    {
        { "emailTo", "customer@example.com" },
        { "subject", "An email from Dapr SendGrid binding" },
    },
}
await client.InvokeBindingAsync(request);

using var client = new DaprClientBuilder().Build();

var email = new 
{
    // 注意：这是 Twilio SendGrid 绑定的示例负载 
    data =  "<h1>Testing Dapr Bindings</h1>This is a test.<br>Bye!",
    metadata = new 
    {
        emailTo = "customer@example.com",
        subject = "An email from Dapr SendGrid binding",    
    },
};
await client.InvokeBindingAsync("send-email", "create", email);

// 检索特定键集。
var specificItems = await client.GetConfiguration("configstore", new List<string>() { "key1", "key2" });
Console.WriteLine($"Here are my values:\n{specificItems[0].Key} -> {specificItems[0].Value}\n{specificItems[1].Key} -> {specificItems[1].Value}");

// 通过提供空列表检索所有配置项。
var specificItems = await client.GetConfiguration("configstore", new List<string>());
Console.WriteLine($"I got {configItems.Count} entires!");
foreach (var item in configItems)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"{item.Key} -> {item.Value}")
}

// 订阅配置 API 返回 IAsyncEnumerable<IEnumerable<ConfigurationItem>> 的包装器。
// 通过在 foreach 循环中访问其 Source 来迭代它。当流被中断
// 或取消令牌被取消时，循环将结束。
var subscribeConfigurationResponse = await daprClient.SubscribeConfiguration(store, keys, metadata, cts.Token);
await foreach (var items in subscribeConfigurationResponse.Source.WithCancellation(cts.Token))
{
    foreach (var item in items)
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"{item.Key} -> {item.Value}")
    }
}

using System;
using Dapr.Client;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;

namespace LockService
{
    class Program
    {
        [Obsolete("Distributed Lock API is in Alpha, this can be removed once it's stable.")]
        static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            const string daprLockName = "lockstore";
            const string fileName = "my_file_name";
            
            var builder = Host.CreateDefaultBuilder();
            builder.ConfigureServices(services =>
            {
                services.AddDaprClient();
            });
            var app = builder.Build();
            
            using var scope = app.Services.CreateScope();
            var client = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<DaprClient>();
     
            // 使用此方法锁定也会自动解锁它，因为这是一个可释放对象
            await using (var fileLock = await client.Lock(DAPR_LOCK_NAME, fileName, "random_id_abc123", 60))
            {
                if (fileLock.Success)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Success");
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine($"Failed to lock {fileName}.");
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

using System;
using Dapr.Client;

namespace LockService
{
    class Program
    {
        static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            var daprLockName = "lockstore";
            
            var builder = Host.CreateDefaultBuilder();
            builder.ConfigureServices(services =>
            {
                services.AddDaprClient();
            });
            var app = builder.Build();
            
            using var scope = app.Services.CreateScope();
            var client = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<DaprClient>();
            
            var response = await client.Unlock(DAPR_LOCK_NAME, "my_file_name", "random_id_abc123"));
            Console.WriteLine(response.status);
        }
    }
}

var client = new DaprClientBuilder().Build();
await client.ShutdownSidecarAsync();

services.AddDaprClient();

services.AddDaprClient(daprBuilder => {
    daprBuilder.UseJsonSerializerOptions(new JsonSerializerOptions {
            WriteIndented = true,
            MaxDepth = 8
        });
    daprBuilder.UseTimeout(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
});

services.AddSingleton<SampleService>();
services.AddDaprClient((serviceProvider, daprBuilder) => {
    var sampleService = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<SampleService>();
    var timeoutValue = sampleService.TimeoutOptions;
    
    daprBuilder.UseTimeout(timeoutValue);
});

var daprClient = new DaprClientBuilder()
    .UseJsonSerializerSettings( ... ) // 配置 JSON 序列化器
    .Build();

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Configuration.AddEnvironmentVariables("test_"); // 检索所有以 "test_" 开头的环境变量，并在从 IConfiguration 获取时移除前缀
builder.Services.AddDaprClient();

var daprClient = new DaprClientBuilder()
    .UseGrpcChannelOptions(new GrpcChannelOptions { ... ThrowOperationCanceledOnCancellation = true })
    .Build();

public class Widget
{
    public string Color { get; set; }
}
...

// 将 Widget 值作为 JSON 存储在状态存储中
Widget widget = new Widget() { Color = "Green", };
await client.SaveStateAsync("mystatestore", "mykey", widget);

public class Widget
{
    public string Color { get; set; }
}

public class SuperWidget : Widget
{
    public bool HasSelfCleaningFeature { get; set; }
}
...

// 将 SuperWidget 值作为 JSON 存储在状态存储中
Widget widget = new SuperWidget() { Color = "Green", HasSelfCleaningFeature = true, };
await client.SaveStateAsync("mystatestore", "mykey", widget);

Widget widget = new SuperWidget() { Color = "Green", HasSelfCleaningFeature = true, };
await client.SaveStateAsync<object>("mystatestore", "mykey", widget);

try
{
    var widget = new Widget() { Color = "Green", };
    await client.SaveStateAsync("mystatestore", "mykey", widget);
}
catch (DaprException ex)
{
    // 处理异常、记录日志、重试等
}

services
    .AddDaprWorkflowClient()
    .WithGrpcMessageSizeLimits( 
        maxReceiveMessageSize: 16 * 1024 * 1024, 
        maxSendMessageSize: 16 * 1024 * 1024);

builder.Services.AddDaprWorkflow(options => {
    options.RegisterWorkflow<YourWorkflow>();
    options.RegisterActivity<YourActivity>();
});

var app = builder.Build();
await app.RunAsync();

builder.Services.AddDaprWorkflow(options => {
    options.RegisterWorkflow<YourWorkflow>();
    options.RegisterActivity<YourActivity>();
}, ServiceLifecycle.Scoped);

var app = builder.Build();
await app.RunAsync();

builder.Services.AddDaprWorkflow(options => {
    options.RegisterWorkflow<YourWorkflow>();
    options.RegisterActivity<YourActivity>();
}, ServiceLifecycle.Transient);

var app = builder.Build();
await app.RunAsync();

internal sealed class SquareNumberActivity : WorkflowActivity<int, int>
{
    private readonly ILogger _logger;
    
    public MyActivity(ILogger logger)
    {
        this._logger = logger;
    }
    
    public override Task<int> RunAsync(WorkflowActivityContext context, int input) 
    {
        this._logger.LogInformation("Squaring the value {number}", input);
        var result = input * input;
        this._logger.LogInformation("Got a result of {squareResult}", result);
        
        return Task.FromResult(result);
    }
}

internal sealed class IdempotentActivity : WorkflowActivity<int, int>
{
    public override Task<int> RunAsync(WorkflowActivityContext context, int input)
    {
        var executionId = context.TaskExecutionId;
        // 将 executionId 用作幂等键或任务状态键。

        return Task.FromResult(input * input);
    }
}

public class OrderProcessingWorkflow : Workflow<OrderPayload, OrderResult>
{
    public override async Task<OrderResult> RunAsync(WorkflowContext context, OrderPayload order)
    {
        string orderId = context.InstanceId;
        var logger = context.CreateReplaySafeLogger<OrderProcessingWorkflow>(); // 使用此方法访问记录器实例

        logger.LogInformation("Received order {orderId} for {quantity} {name} at ${totalCost}", orderId, order.Quantity, order.Name, order.TotalCost);
        
        //...
    }
}

builder.Services
    .AddDaprWorkflowBuilder(options =>
    {
        options.RegisterWorkflow<MyWorkflow>();
        options.RegisterActivity<MyActivity>();
    })
    .WithJsonSerializer(new JsonSerializerOptions { PropertyNamingPolicy = null });

public sealed class MessagePackWorkflowSerializer : IWorkflowSerializer
{
    private readonly MessagePackSerializerOptions _options;

    public MessagePackWorkflowSerializer(MessagePackSerializerOptions options)
    {
        _options = options;
    }

    /// <inheritdoc/>
    public string Serialize(object? value, Type? inputType = null)
    {
        if (value == null)
        {
            return string.Empty;
        }

        var targetType = inputType ?? value.GetType();
        var bytes = MessagePackSerializer.Serialize(targetType, value, _options);
        return Convert.ToBase64String(bytes);
    }

    /// <inheritdoc/>
    public T? Deserialize<T>(string? data)
    {
        return (T?)Deserialize(data, typeof(T));
    }

    /// <inheritdoc/>
    public object? Deserialize(string? data, Type returnType)
    {
        if (returnType == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(returnType));
        }

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(data))
        {
            return default;
        }

        try
        {
            var bytes = Convert.FromBase64String(data);
            return MessagePackSerializer.Deserialize(returnType, bytes, _options);
        }
        catch (FormatException ex)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException(
                "Failed to decode Base64 data. The input may not be valid MessagePack-serialized data.",
                ex);
        }
        catch (MessagePackSerializationException ex)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException(
                $"Failed to deserialize data to type {returnType.FullName}.",
                ex);
        }
    }
}

builder.Services
    .AddDaprWorkflowBuilder(options =>
    {
        options.RegisterWorkflow<MyWorkflow>();
        options.RegisterActivity<MyActivity>();
    })
    .WithSerializer(new MessagePackWorkflowSerializer(MessagePackSerializerOptions.Standard));

builder.Services
    .AddDaprWorkflowBuilder(options =>
    {
        options.RegisterWorkflow<MyWorkflow>();
        options.RegisterActivity<MyActivity>();
    })
    .WithSerializer(serviceProvider =>
    {
        var options = serviceProvider
            .GetRequiredService<IOptions<MessagePackSerializerOptions>>()
            .Value;

        return new MessagePackWorkflowSerializer(options);
    });

public sealed class BusinessWorkflow : Workflow<string, string>
{
    public override async Task<string> RunAsync(WorkflowContext context, string input)
    {
        var options = new WorkflowTaskOptions { TargetAppId = "App2" };
        var output = await context.CallActivityAsync<string>(nameof(ActivityA), input, options);
        return output;
    }
}

public sealed class BusinessWorkflow : Workflow<string, string>
{
    public override async Task<string> RunAsync(WorkflowContext context, string input)
    {
        var options = new ChildWorkflowTaskOptions { TargetAppId = "App2" };
        var output = await context.CallChildWorkflowAsync<string>(nameof(Workflow2), input, options);
        return output;
    }
}

var instanceId = $"order-workflow-{Guid.NewGuid().ToString()[..8]}";
var input = new Order("Paperclips", 1000, 9.95);
await daprWorkflowClient.ScheduleNewWorkflowAsync(
  nameof(OrderProcessingWorkflow),
  instanceId,
  input);

var workflowStatus = await daprWorkflowClient.GetWorkflowStateAsync(instanceId);

await daprWorkflowClient.RaiseEventAsync(instanceId, "Approval", true);

await daprWorkflowClient.SuspendWorkflowAsync(instanceId);

await daprWorkflowClient.ResumeWorkflowAsync(instanceId);

await daprWorkflowClient.TerminateWorkflowAsync(instanceId);

await daprWorkflowClient.PurgeWorkflowAsync(instanceId);

public override async Task RunAsync(WorkflowContext context, OrderPayload input)
{
    await context.CallActivityAsync(nameof(ReserveInventoryActivity), input);

    if (context.IsPatched("v2"))
    {
        await context.CallActivityAsync(nameof(ChargePaymentActivityV2), input);
    }
    else
    {
        await context.CallActivityAsync(nameof(ChargePaymentActivity), input);
    }
}

builder.Services.AddDaprWorkflowVersioning();

builder.Services.UseDefaultWorkflowStrategy<NumericVersionStrategy>("workflow-versioning-options");

builder.Services.ConfigureStrategyOptions<NumericVersionStrategyOptions>("workflow-versioning-options", o =>
{
    o.SuffixPrefix = "V";
});

builder.Services.AddDaprWorkflow(w =>
{
    w.RegisterActivity<SendEmailActivity>();
});

<ItemGroup>
  <CompilerVisibleProperty Include="DaprWorkflowVersioningScanReferences" />
</ItemGroup>

public Task<MyData> GetDataAsync()
{
    var proxy = this.ProxyFactory.CreateActorProxy<IOtherActor>(ActorId.CreateRandom(), "OtherActor");
    await proxy.DoSomethingGreat();

    return this.StateManager.GetStateAsync<MyData>("my_data");
}

// 为 IOtherActor 创建一个代理，类型为 OtherActor，具有随机 id
var proxy = this.ProxyFactory.CreateActorProxy<IOtherActor>(ActorId.CreateRandom(), "OtherActor");

// 调用接口定义的方法来调用 actor
//
// proxy 是 IOtherActor 的实现，所以我们可以直接调用其方法
await proxy.DoSomethingGreat();

// 为类型 OtherActor 创建一个代理，具有随机 id
var proxy = this.ProxyFactory.Create(ActorId.CreateRandom(), "OtherActor");

// 按名称调用方法来调用 actor
//
// proxy 是 ActorProxy 的一个实例
await proxy.InvokeMethodAsync("DoSomethingGreat");

// 为类型 OtherActor 创建一个代理，具有随机 id
var proxy = this.ProxyFactory.Create(ActorId.CreateRandom(), "OtherActor");

// 调用代理上的方法来调用 actor
//
// proxy 是 ActorProxy 的一个实例
var request = new MyRequest() { Message = "Hi, it's me.", };
var response = await proxy.InvokeMethodAsync<MyRequest, MyResponse>("DoSomethingGreat", request);

internal class MyActor : Actor, IMyActor, IRemindable
{
    public MyActor(ActorHost host) // Accept ActorHost in the constructor
        : base(host) // Pass ActorHost to the base class constructor
    {
    }
}

internal class MyActor : Actor, IMyActor, IRemindable
{
    public MyActor(ActorHost host, BankService bank) // Accept BankService in the constructor
        : base(host)
    {
        ...
    }
}

// In Startup.cs
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    ...

    // Register additional types with dependency injection.
    services.AddSingleton<BankService>();
}

internal class MyActor : Actor, IMyActor, IRemindable
{
    public MyActor(ActorHost host, IServiceProvider services) // Accept IServiceProvider in the constructor
        : base(host)
    {
        ...
    }
}

public Task<MyData> GetDataAsync()
{
    this.Logger.LogInformation("Getting state at {CurrentTime}", DateTime.UtcNow);
    return this.StateManager.GetStateAsync<MyData>("my_data");
}

[Actor(TypeName = "MyCustomActorTypeName")]
internal class MyActor : Actor, IMyActor
{
    // ...
}

// In Startup.cs
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    // Register actor runtime with DI
    services.AddActors(options =>
    {
        // Register actor types and configure actor settings
        options.Actors.RegisterActor<MyActor>();
        
        // Configure default settings
        options.ActorIdleTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10);
        options.ActorScanInterval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(35);
        options.DrainOngoingCallTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(35);
        options.DrainRebalancedActors = true;
    });

    // Register additional services for use with actors
    services.AddSingleton<BankService>();
}

// In Startup.cs
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddActors(options =>
    {
        ...
        
        // Customize JSON options
        options.JsonSerializerOptions = ...
    });
}

// in Startup.cs
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
    if (env.IsDevelopment())
    {
        app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
    }

    app.UseRouting();

    app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
    {
        // Register actors handlers that interface with the Dapr runtime.
        endpoints.MapActorsHandlers();
    });
}

// in Startup.cs
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
    if (env.IsDevelopment())
    {
        app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
    }

    // INVALID - this will block non-HTTPS requests
    app.UseHttpsRedirection();
    // INVALID - this will block non-HTTPS requests

    app.UseRouting();

    app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
    {
        // Register actors handlers that interface with the Dapr runtime.
        endpoints.MapActorsHandlers();
    });
}

public class Doodad
{
    public Guid Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Count { get; set; }
}

{"id": "a06ced64-4f42-48ad-84dd-46ae6a7e333d", "name": "DoodadName", "count": 5}

public class Doodad
{
    [JsonPropertyName("identifier")]
    public Guid Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    [JsonPropertyName("count")]
    public int Count { get; set; }
}

{"identifier": "a06ced64-4f42-48ad-84dd-46ae6a7e333d", "name": "DoodadName", "count": 5}

public record Thingy(string Name, [JsonPropertyName("count")] int Count); 

public record Thingy(string Name, [property: JsonPropertyName("count")] int Count);

public enum Season
{
    Spring,
    Summer,
    Fall,
    Winter
}

public record Engagement(string Name, Season TimeOfYear);

var myEngagement = new Engagement("Ski Trip", Season.Winter);

{"name":  "Ski Trip", "season":  3}

[JsonConverter(typeof(JsonStringEnumConverter<Season>))]
public enum Season
{
    Spring,
    Summer,
    Fall,
    Winter
}

{"name":  "Ski Trip", "season":  "Winter"}

public sealed class EnumMemberJsonConverter<T> : JsonConverter<T> where T : struct, Enum
{
    /// <summary>读取并将 JSON 转换为类型 <typeparamref name="T" />。</summary>
    /// <param name="reader">读取器。</param>
    /// <param name="typeToConvert">要转换的类型。</param>
    /// <param name="options">指定要使用的序列化选项的对象。</param>
    /// <returns>转换后的值。</returns>
    public override T Read(ref Utf8JsonReader reader, Type typeToConvert, JsonSerializerOptions options)
    {
        // 从 JSON 读取器获取字符串值
        var value = reader.GetString();

        // 遍历所有枚举值
        foreach (var enumValue in Enum.GetValues<T>())
        {
            // 从 EnumMember 属性获取值（如果有）
            var enumMemberValue = GetValueFromEnumMember(enumValue);

            // 如果值匹配，则返回枚举值
            if (value == enumMemberValue)
            {
                return enumValue;
            }
        }

        // 如果未找到匹配项，则引发异常
        throw new JsonException($"Invalid value for {typeToConvert.Name}: {value}");
    }

    /// <summary>将指定值写入 JSON。</summary>
    /// <param name="writer">要写入的写入器。</param>
    /// <param name="value">要转换为 JSON 的值。</param>
    /// <param name="options">指定要使用的序列化选项的对象。</param>
    public override void Write(Utf8JsonWriter writer, T value, JsonSerializerOptions options)
    {
        // 从 EnumMember 属性获取值（如果有）
        var enumMemberValue = GetValueFromEnumMember(value);

        // 将值写入 JSON 写入器
        writer.WriteStringValue(enumMemberValue);
    }

    private static string GetValueFromEnumMember(T value)
    {
        MemberInfo[] member = typeof(T).GetMember(value.ToString(), BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public);
        if (member.Length == 0)
            return value.ToString();
        object[] customAttributes = member.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(EnumMemberAttribute), false);
        if (customAttributes.Length != 0)
        {
            EnumMemberAttribute enumMemberAttribute = (EnumMemberAttribute)customAttributes;
            if (enumMemberAttribute != null && enumMemberAttribute.Value != null)
                return enumMemberAttribute.Value;
        }
        return value.ToString();
    }
}

[JsonConverter(typeof(EnumMemberJsonConverter<Season>))]
public enum Season
{
    [EnumMember(Value="spring")]
    Spring,
    [EnumMember(Value="summer")]
    Summer,
    [EnumMember(Value="fall")]
    Fall,
    [EnumMember(Value="winter")]
    Winter
}

public record Engagement([property: JsonPropertyName("event")] string Name, Season TimeOfYear);

var myEngagement = new Engagement("Conference", Season.Fall);

{"event":  "Conference",  "season":  "fall"}

[JsonPolymorphic]
[AllowOutOfOrderMetadataProperties]
public abstract class SampleValueBase
{
    public string CommonProperty { get; set; }
}

public class DerivedSampleValue : SampleValueBase
{
    public string SpecificProperty { get; set; }
}

public class Doodad
{
    public Guid Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Count { get; set; }
}

<Doodad>
  <Id>a06ced64-4f42-48ad-84dd-46ae6a7e333d</Id>
  <Name>DoodadName</Name>
  <Count>5</Count>
</Doodad>

// 无法正确序列化！
public class Doodad
{
    public Doodad(string name, int count)
    {
        Id = Guid.NewGuid();
        Name = name;
        Count = count;
    }

    public Guid Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; init; }
    public int Count { get; init; }
}

public class Doodad
{
    public Doodad()
    {
    }

    public Doodad(string name, int count)
    {
        Id = Guid.NewGuid();
        Name = name;
        Count = count;
    }

    public Guid Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Count { get; set; }
}

[DataContract]
public class Doodad
{
    public Doodad(string name, int count)
    {
        Id = Guid.NewGuid();
        Name = name;
        Count = count;
    }

    public Guid Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Count { get; set; }
}

[DataContract(Name="Doodad")]
public class Doodad
{
    public Doodad(string name = "MyDoodad", int count = 5)
    {
        Id = Guid.NewGuid();
        Name = name;
        Count = count;
    }

    [DataMember(Name = "id")]
    public Guid Id { get; init; }
    [IgnoreDataMember]
    public string Name { get; init; }
    [DataMember]
    public int Count { get; init; }
}

<Doodad>
  <id>a06ced64-4f42-48ad-84dd-46ae6a7e333d</id>
  <Count>5</Count>
</Doodad>

public class Doodad(ILogger<Doodad> _logger)
{
    public Doodad() {} // 我们的无参构造函数

    public Doodad(string name, int count)
    {
        Id = Guid.NewGuid();
        Name = name;
        Count = count;
    }

    public Guid Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Count { get; set; } 
}

[DataContract]
public class Doodad(ILogger<Doodad> _logger)
{
    public Doodad(string name, int count)
    {
        Id = Guid.NewGuid();
        Name = name;
        Count = count;
    }

    [DataMember]
    public Guid Id { get; init; }
    [DataMember]
    public string Name { get; init; }
    [DataMember]
    public int Count { get; init; }
}

[DataContract]
public struct Doodad
{
    [DataMember]
    public int Count { get; set; }
}

public record Doodad(Guid Id, string Name, int Count);

public record Doodad(Guid Id, string Name, int Count)
{
    public Doodad() {}
}

[DataContract]
public record Doodad(
        [property: DataMember] Guid Id,
        [property: DataMember] string Name,
        [property: DataMember] int Count)

public enum Colors
{
    [EnumMember]
    Red,
    [EnumMember(Value="g")]
    Green,
    Blue, // 即使被类型使用，此值也不会被序列化，因为它没有使用 EnumMember 属性装饰
}

# Create Actor Interfaces
dotnet new classlib -o MyActor.Interfaces

cd MyActor.Interfaces

# Add Dapr.Actors nuget package. Please use the latest package version from nuget.org
dotnet add package Dapr.Actors

cd ..

using Dapr.Actors;
using Dapr.Actors.Runtime;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace MyActor.Interfaces
{
    public interface IMyActor : IActor
    {       
        Task<string> SetDataAsync(MyData data);
        Task<MyData> GetDataAsync();
        Task RegisterReminder();
        Task UnregisterReminder();
        Task<IActorReminder> GetReminder();
        Task RegisterTimer();
        Task UnregisterTimer();
    }

    public class MyData
    {
        public string PropertyA { get; set; }
        public string PropertyB { get; set; }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            var propAValue = this.PropertyA == null ? "null" : this.PropertyA;
            var propBValue = this.PropertyB == null ? "null" : this.PropertyB;
            return $"PropertyA: {propAValue}, PropertyB: {propBValue}";
        }
    }
}

# Create ASP.Net Web service to host Dapr actor
dotnet new web -o MyActorService

cd MyActorService

# Add Dapr.Actors.AspNetCore nuget package. Please use the latest package version from nuget.org
dotnet add package Dapr.Actors.AspNetCore

# Add Actor Interface reference
dotnet add reference ../MyActor.Interfaces/MyActor.Interfaces.csproj

cd ..

using Dapr.Actors;
using Dapr.Actors.Runtime;
using MyActor.Interfaces;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace MyActorService
{
    internal class MyActor : Actor, IMyActor, IRemindable
    {
        // The constructor must accept ActorHost as a parameter, and can also accept additional
        // parameters that will be retrieved from the dependency injection container
        //
        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of MyActor
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">The Dapr.Actors.Runtime.ActorHost that will host this actor instance.</param>
        public MyActor(ActorHost host)
            : base(host)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This method is called whenever an actor is activated.
        /// An actor is activated the first time any of its methods are invoked.
        /// </summary>
        protected override Task OnActivateAsync()
        {
            // Provides opportunity to perform some optional setup.
            Console.WriteLine($"Activating actor id: {this.Id}");
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This method is called whenever an actor is deactivated after a period of inactivity.
        /// </summary>
        protected override Task OnDeactivateAsync()
        {
            // Provides Opporunity to perform optional cleanup.
            Console.WriteLine($"Deactivating actor id: {this.Id}");
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Set MyData into actor's private state store
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data">the user-defined MyData which will be stored into state store as "my_data" state</param>
        public async Task<string> SetDataAsync(MyData data)
        {
            // Data is saved to configured state store implicitly after each method execution by Actor's runtime.
            // Data can also be saved explicitly by calling this.StateManager.SaveStateAsync();
            // State to be saved must be DataContract serializable.
            await this.StateManager.SetStateAsync<MyData>(
                "my_data",  // state name
                data);      // data saved for the named state "my_data"

            return "Success";
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Get MyData from actor's private state store
        /// </summary>
        /// <return>the user-defined MyData which is stored into state store as "my_data" state</return>
        public Task<MyData> GetDataAsync()
        {
            // Gets state from the state store.
            return this.StateManager.GetStateAsync<MyData>("my_data");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Register MyReminder reminder with the actor
        /// </summary>
        public async Task RegisterReminder()
        {
            await this.RegisterReminderAsync(
                "MyReminder",              // The name of the reminder
                null,                      // User state passed to IRemindable.ReceiveReminderAsync()
                TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5),   // Time to delay before invoking the reminder for the first time
                TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));  // Time interval between reminder invocations after the first invocation
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Get MyReminder reminder details with the actor
        /// </summary>
        public async Task<IActorReminder> GetReminder()
        {
            await this.GetReminderAsync("MyReminder");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Unregister MyReminder reminder with the actor
        /// </summary>
        public Task UnregisterReminder()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Unregistering MyReminder...");
            return this.UnregisterReminderAsync("MyReminder");
        }

        // <summary>
        // Implement IRemindeable.ReceiveReminderAsync() which is call back invoked when an actor reminder is triggered.
        // </summary>
        public Task ReceiveReminderAsync(string reminderName, byte[] state, TimeSpan dueTime, TimeSpan period)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("ReceiveReminderAsync is called!");
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Register MyTimer timer with the actor
        /// </summary>
        public Task RegisterTimer()
        {
            return this.RegisterTimerAsync(
                "MyTimer",                  // The name of the timer
                nameof(this.OnTimerCallBack),       // Timer callback
                null,                       // User state passed to OnTimerCallback()
                TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5),    // Time to delay before the async callback is first invoked
                TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));   // Time interval between invocations of the async callback
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Unregister MyTimer timer with the actor
        /// </summary>
        public Task UnregisterTimer()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Unregistering MyTimer...");
            return this.UnregisterTimerAsync("MyTimer");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Timer callback once timer is expired
        /// </summary>
        private Task OnTimerCallBack(byte[] data)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("OnTimerCallBack is called!");
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }
    }
}